Chengyu meaning

闭月羞花 (bì yuè xiū huā)

so beautiful that the moon hides and flowers feel ashamed

Plain Answer

Source: Classical beauty-description tradition. Treated here as classical story; read it first as a sentence-level judgment.

Core meaning: 闭月羞花 means so beautiful that the moon hides and flowers feel ashamed: Used as an elevated compliment for extraordinary beauty, especially in literary, historical, or stylized contexts.

Practice this meaningRead the story
Label
neutral / literary and stylized Chinese
Best objects
literary description, register warning, meaning boundary
Do not use when
Do not use 闭月羞花 for a scene that only shares one surface word with the meaning. If the problem is closer to 出类拔萃 or the contrast points toward 马马虎虎, choose that nearby entry instead of stretching this one.

Use: Use 闭月羞花 when the literary description sentence shows the object, cause, and tone clearly. Avoid: Avoid 闭月羞花 when the sentence only sounds related, lacks evidence, or needs a plainer word.

literary description小说里写她闭月羞花,显然是在用古典夸张的笔法。Xiǎoshuō lǐ xiě tā bìyuèxiūhuā, xiǎnrán shì zài yòng gǔdiǎn kuāzhāng de bǐfǎ.The novel describes her as extraordinarily beautiful, clearly using a classical and exaggerated style.

Next: Read the examples, then compare 出类拔萃 before practicing 闭月羞花 in the focused quiz.

Often studied with: 出类拔萃, 一鸣惊人, 青出于蓝

Read This First

闭月羞花 is introduced here through a classical story tradition retold for modern learners; the source label is Classical beauty-description tradition, and the page separates that background from modern sentence choice.

闭月羞花 means so beautiful that the moon hides and flowers feel ashamed. The important first reading is Used as an elevated compliment for extraordinary beauty, especially in literary, historical, or stylized contexts. This is a neutral phrase in normal use, so the sentence must show the judgment clearly.

Use 闭月羞花 when the object, cause, and tone match examples such as literary description, register warning, meaning boundary; then compare 出类拔萃 and 一鸣惊人 before writing your own sentence.

Avoid 闭月羞花 when the sentence only shares a broad topic, when the tone would be unfair to the person being described, or when a plainer word would be clearer than a chengyu.

Start with this cue: literary description plus a visible reason.

Meaning and Translation Notes

Used as an elevated compliment for extraordinary beauty, especially in literary, historical, or stylized contexts.

Literal meaning

the moon closes away and flowers blush with shame

  • 闭 / close or hide
  • 月 / moon
  • 羞 / feel ashamed
  • 花 / flowers

English equivalents

  • extraordinarily beautiful plain

    Safest for neutral explanation.

  • beauty that outshines the moon and flowers near

    Keeps the literary image.

  • stunningly beautiful plain

    Natural in modern English when the tone is less classical.

How To Use It

Use 闭月羞花 when the reader can see why so beautiful that the moon hides and flowers feel ashamed is the exact judgment, not just the topic. A strong sentence names the actor, the thing being judged, and the evidence that makes this idiom more precise than an ordinary adjective.

  • Use it mainly in literary, historical, humorous, or highly stylized praise.
  • It praises beauty or appearance, not skill, morality, or general excellence.
  • The phrase is ornate, so direct modern use can sound playful, exaggerated, or old-fashioned.

Common Mistakes

Do not use 闭月羞花 for a scene that only shares one surface word with the meaning. If the problem is closer to 出类拔萃 or the contrast points toward 马马虎虎, choose that nearby entry instead of stretching this one.

  • Do not use it as a normal compliment in every casual conversation.
  • Do not use it for professional ability; 出类拔萃 is closer when excellence is the point.

Wrong Use Clinic

The most useful check is often the phrase you should reject.

  1. The learner wants to sound more idiomatic but has only a broad topic match for 闭月羞花.

    The sentence drops in 闭月羞花 without showing the cause, object, or tone that would make the idiom necessary.

    Fix: Rewrite the sentence so the evidence for so beautiful that the moon hides and flowers feel ashamed appears before or after the phrase.

    闭月羞花 fails in this case because a chengyu is not decoration; it must name the exact judgment the sentence is making.

    Compare chu lei ba cui
  2. The learner wants to say the opposite or a neighboring idea and chooses 闭月羞花 because it feels familiar.

    The sentence uses 闭月羞花, but the described situation points to a different cause, time point, or social attitude.

    Fix: Compare the sentence with 马马虎虎 and choose the phrase whose boundary explains the situation with less force.

    闭月羞花 becomes misleading when the nearby phrase would identify the real problem more cleanly.

    Compare ma ma hu hu
  3. The learner has the right meaning area for 闭月羞花 but ignores register and emotional force.

    The sentence uses 闭月羞花 directly about a person, yet gives no softening context or evidence for such a ornate and admiring judgment.

    Fix: Add the observed behavior first, or choose 一鸣惊人 if the sentence needs a gentler learning path.

    闭月羞花 can sound heavier than a short English gloss. The reader needs enough context to see why the tone is fair.

    Compare yi ming jing ren
  4. The learner remembers the origin image of 闭月羞花 but applies it to the wrong object.

    The sentence names an image or story detail, but the real object being judged would be better explained by another chengyu.

    Fix: Name the object first. If the object points toward 马马虎虎, use that contrast instead.

    闭月羞花 should follow the judgment, not the most memorable image. Story memory is useful only when it supports the sentence-level decision.

    Compare ma ma hu hu

Chengyu Often Studied Together

Use these clusters to build sentence-level judgment instead of memorizing a single gloss.

  1. 闭月羞花 with nearby learner choices

    闭月羞花 is often studied beside 出类拔萃 and 一鸣惊人 because the words share a theme while asking the learner to judge a different cause, tone, or timing.

    老师先让学生解释闭月羞花,再比较出类拔萃和一鸣惊人,这样不会只凭英文近义词选答案。

  2. 闭月羞花 with contrast checks

    闭月羞花 becomes easier to use when it is contrasted with 青出于蓝 and 马马虎虎; the contrast forces the writer to decide whether the sentence is praise, warning, correction, or neutral description.

    写作练习里先用闭月羞花造句,再换成青出于蓝,观察判断方向怎样改变。

  3. 闭月羞花 in example-building drills

    闭月羞花 should be practiced with 出类拔萃 and 青出于蓝 because examples reveal whether the learner is choosing by meaning, tone, or only by a remembered image.

    课堂上先用闭月羞花写一个有证据的句子,再换成出类拔萃或青出于蓝说明判断为什么改变。

  4. 闭月羞花 in story and source review

    闭月羞花 links best with 一鸣惊人 and 马马虎虎 when the learner is checking whether a source image truly supports a modern sentence.

    复习出处时,不要只背闭月羞花的故事,还要比较一鸣惊人,看哪个成语更能解释现代句子。

Learner Guide

Use these notes when deciding whether this chengyu fits a real sentence.

Use 闭月羞花 when the sentence is deliberately literary or highly admiring. It can fit novels, descriptions of classical beauties, costume dramas, poems, and playful exaggeration. It is less safe as a casual compliment to a real person in ordinary conversation.

Extraordinarily beautiful is the safest English explanation. Beauty that outshines the moon and flowers keeps the image but sounds literary. Stunningly beautiful is natural in modern English, but it loses the classical exaggeration.

Do not use this phrase for ability, intelligence, kindness, or general excellence. It praises appearance. If the praise is about standing above peers, 出类拔萃 is the better page to compare. If a quiet person suddenly impresses everyone, 一鸣惊人 is a different idea.

A strong sentence should signal register. Words such as 小说里, 古典, 戏曲, 夸张, or 半开玩笑 make the phrase easier to accept. Without a register signal, the idiom can sound like a memorized flourish dropped into a normal sentence.

Before using 闭月羞花, write the plain English idea first. If the plain sentence already says everything naturally, the chengyu must add a sharper judgment, cultural image, or tone. If it does not add one of those, leave the plain wording alone.

A good 闭月羞花 sentence contains an object and evidence. The object is the person, plan, habit, result, or scene being judged. The evidence is the reason the phrase fits. Without both parts, the idiom may look learned but feel empty.

Compare 闭月羞花 with 出类拔萃 and 马马虎虎 before finalizing a sentence. The goal is not to memorize synonyms; the goal is to reject the wrong phrase for a clear reason. That rejection is what turns recognition into usable knowledge.

When teaching or self-reviewing 闭月羞花, ask the learner to mark source, meaning, use case, wrong case, and one example. If any mark is missing, return to the entry section that supplies it rather than guessing from the headword alone.

literary description is the first test zone for 闭月羞花, but it is not the only possible use. Before using the phrase, name the speaker, the object being judged, and the nearest tested context: literary description, register warning, meaning boundary, usage boundary, misuse boundary, comparison check, context setup, teacher correction. Then choose among extraordinarily beautiful, beauty that outshines the moon and flowers, stunningly beautiful as translation candidates and reject at least one candidate out loud. A useful final check is to compare the sentence with chu-lei-ba-cui and yi-ming-jing-ren; if one of those nearby entries explains the situation with less strain, the nearby phrase is the better learner choice.

When 闭月羞花 is translated as extraordinarily beautiful, the English should still preserve the phrase's tone. Keep ornate and admiring and the everyday-speech use area visible when the audience is still learning the idiom. If a short translation hides the warning "Do not use it as a normal compliment in every casual conversation.", choose a fuller English explanation instead. This matters because the strongest chengyu pages should help readers decide when not to use the most convenient English equivalent.

Example Sentences

Each example labels the situation so you can choose a natural English translation.

literary description

小说里写她闭月羞花,显然是在用古典夸张的笔法。

Xiǎoshuō lǐ xiě tā bìyuèxiūhuā, xiǎnrán shì zài yòng gǔdiǎn kuāzhāng de bǐfǎ.

The novel describes her as extraordinarily beautiful, clearly using a classical and exaggerated style.

register warning

现代聊天中直接说别人闭月羞花,可能显得太夸张。

Xiàndài liáotiān zhōng zhíjiē shuō biérén bìyuèxiūhuā, kěnéng xiǎnde tài kuāzhāng.

Calling someone this in modern chat may sound overly exaggerated.

meaning boundary

闭月羞花赞美的是容貌,不是能力出众。

Bìyuèxiūhuā zànměi de shì róngmào, bùshì nénglì chūzhòng.

This phrase praises appearance, not outstanding ability.

usage boundary

只有原因和语气都清楚时,这句话才适合用闭月羞花。

zhi you yuan yin he yu qi dou qing chu shi zhe ju hua cai shi he yong bi yue xiu hua

Only use 闭月羞花 when the cause and tone are both clear, not just because the topic feels nearby.

misuse boundary

如果只是普通情况,不要为了显得有文化而硬说闭月羞花。

ru guo zhi shi pu tong qing kuang bu yao wei le xian de you wen hua er ying shuo bi yue xiu hua

If the situation is ordinary, do not force 闭月羞花 just to make the sentence sound more cultured.

comparison check

比较近义成语以后,再决定这里是不是应该写闭月羞花。

bi jiao jin yi cheng yu yi hou zai jue ding zhe li shi bu shi ying gai xie bi yue xiu hua

After comparing nearby chengyu, decide whether 闭月羞花 is really the phrase the sentence needs.

context setup

这段话先说明对象和原因,所以闭月羞花读起来不突兀。

zhe duan hua xian shuo ming dui xiang he yuan yin suo yi bi yue xiu hua du qi lai bu tu wu

The passage names the object and cause first, so 闭月羞花 does not feel abrupt.

teacher correction

老师让学生先解释为什么不用别的词,再用闭月羞花造句。

lao shi rang xue sheng xian jie shi wei shen me bu yong bie de ci zai yong bi yue xiu hua zao ju

The teacher asks students to explain why another phrase would be wrong before writing a sentence with 闭月羞花.

Story and Cultural Context

闭月羞花 belongs to a style of Chinese praise that uses the natural world to magnify beauty. The moon hides; flowers feel ashamed. Modern learners should notice the register before copying it. In a poem, novel, opera discussion, or playful exaggerated compliment, the phrase can work. In a normal text message or professional description, it may sound too ornate. The meaning is not hard, but the social fit matters. The phrase is memorable because it is intentionally excessive. The moon hides and flowers feel ashamed; no ordinary compliment speaks that way. In Chinese, that exaggeration places the phrase near literary, historical, opera, fiction, or playful stylized language. English learners should therefore learn the social setting before the literal image. The phrase can be beautiful on a page and awkward in direct everyday speech if the relationship and tone do not support ornate praise. For this entry, the origin note is only the beginning of the explanation. The useful question is why 闭月羞花 survived as a portable judgment rather than as a decorative allusion. The classical story route gives the reader an image, but the modern sentence must still prove its own fit. A learner should ask three things: what concrete object is being judged, what evidence in the sentence supports that judgment, and what tone the phrase adds that a plain English adjective would not add. This is why the page tests 闭月羞花 through literary description, register warning, meaning boundary, usage boundary, misuse boundary; each context changes the pressure on the phrase and shows whether the idiom is acting as praise, warning, neutral description, or criticism. The story or usage background also has a translation boundary. 闭月羞花 can point toward extraordinarily beautiful, beauty that outshines the moon and flowers, stunningly beautiful, but those English choices are not interchangeable. One version may preserve the image, another may sound natural in a classroom answer, and another may be safer in a workplace or essay sentence. The entry therefore treats public references as source cards, not as a paragraph order to imitate. Headword checks, story labels, and English equivalents are separated first; only after that are they rebuilt into the learner path used here: answer, label, examples, wrong-use clinic, comparison, story, and practice. The most common failure is overextension. Because 闭月羞花 has a memorable surface, learners may reach for it whenever a topic feels close. The better habit is to compare it with 出类拔萃 and 一鸣惊人 and with 马马虎虎 before writing. If the rejected phrase is hard to reject, the sentence probably has not supplied enough evidence. If the rejected phrase is easy to reject, the learner can explain the boundary and use 闭月羞花 with confidence. That is the practical purpose of the origin section: it turns cultural memory into a sentence-level decision instead of leaving the reader with a story and no next action.

Learning point: Beautiful language can fail if the register is wrong for the situation.

Open the dedicated story page

Editorial Notes

These notes turn the entry into a decision path, not a loose definition.

First answer before details

闭月羞花 should first be read as a decision about so beautiful that the moon hides and flowers feel ashamed, not as a collectible story label. The classical story helps memory, but the reader's real task is to decide whether the modern sentence is making a neutral judgment with enough evidence. Start with the object being described, then ask what happened, who is being judged, and whether the tone is fair. If those details are missing, the idiom will feel like learned decoration rather than useful Chinese. This first-answer rule also helps teachers and translators: they can explain the phrase quickly before deciding whether a longer story, comparison, or correction block is needed.

Example clinic

The examples for 闭月羞花 deliberately cover literary description, register warning, meaning boundary, usage boundary, misuse boundary because a learner needs more than one successful sentence before the phrase becomes usable. Read the Chinese sentence, then explain in plain English why this phrase is more precise than a simple adjective or loose translation. A strong example names the context, shows the evidence, and makes the tone visible. A weak example merely places the chengyu near a related topic. This habit prevents a common error: remembering the literal image but forgetting the social judgment carried by the phrase. When the example feels forced, return to the meaning line and choose a plainer wording.

Comparison boundary

Before using 闭月羞花, compare it with 出类拔萃 and 一鸣惊人 and, when possible, with 马马虎虎. The comparison is not a synonym game. Nearby chengyu often share effort, caution, wisdom, or evaluation as a topic, while differing in cause, timing, and emotional force. A good learner sentence can explain why the rejected phrase fails. If that explanation is impossible, the chosen idiom is probably too loose. This is also the cleanest internal-link reason: the next page exists because it helps the reader reject a tempting but wrong choice. The comparison should leave a reusable rule, not merely another link to click.

Wrong-use trigger

闭月羞花 should be rejected when the sentence lacks an object, hides the reason for the judgment, or uses the idiom only because it sounds literary. The safest correction is to rewrite the sentence in plain English first, then add the chengyu only if it sharpens the meaning. If the tone becomes unfair, choose a gentler nearby phrase. If the source image is memorable but the modern object does not match, use the story only as background and do not force the idiom into the sentence. This wrong-use trigger is what keeps the entry from becoming a long but vague dictionary page.

Source synthesis note

闭月羞花 uses public references as checkpoints rather than as a structure to copy. One source may help with the headword, another with a story or image, and another with English translation range. The page then rebuilds those checks into its own learner order: short answer, label, examples, misuse, collocation, guide, story, and practice. This matters because a single-source paraphrase would give readers a familiar-looking article but not a better learning tool. The editorial value here is the decision path: what to use, what not to use, what to compare, and how to test the phrase in a new sentence.

Practice This Decision

Answer a focused quiz question, then come back to the examples and misuse clinic if the near phrase feels tempting.