Chengyu meaning

不耻下问 (bù chǐ xià wèn)

not too proud to ask those below oneself

Plain Answer

Source: Analects learning tradition. Treated here as classical story; read it first as a sentence-level judgment.

Core meaning: 不耻下问 means not too proud to ask those below oneself: Used to praise humility in learning, especially when rank, age, or status might otherwise stop a person from asking.

Practice this meaningRead the story
Label
positive / formal educational
Best objects
workplace learning, study habit, tone boundary
Do not use when
Do not use 不耻下问 for a scene that only shares one surface word with the meaning. If the problem is closer to 温故知新 or the contrast points toward 夜郎自大, choose that nearby entry instead of stretching this one.

Use: Use 不耻下问 when the workplace learning sentence shows the object, cause, and tone clearly. Avoid: Avoid 不耻下问 when the sentence only sounds related, lacks evidence, or needs a plainer word.

workplace learning好老师也会不耻下问,向年轻同事学习新工具。Hao laoshi ye hui bu chi xia wen, xiang nianqing tongshi xuexi xin gongju.A good teacher is also humble enough to ask younger colleagues and learn new tools.

Next: Read the examples, then compare 温故知新 before practicing 不耻下问 in the focused quiz.

Often studied with: 温故知新, 举一反三, 学海无涯

Read This First

不耻下问 is introduced here through a classical story tradition retold for modern learners; the source label is Analects learning tradition, and the page separates that background from modern sentence choice.

不耻下问 means not too proud to ask those below oneself. The important first reading is Used to praise humility in learning, especially when rank, age, or status might otherwise stop a person from asking. This is a positive phrase in normal use, so the sentence must show the judgment clearly.

Use 不耻下问 when the object, cause, and tone match examples such as workplace learning, study habit, tone boundary; then compare 温故知新 and 举一反三 before writing your own sentence.

Avoid 不耻下问 when the sentence only shares a broad topic, when the tone would be unfair to the person being described, or when a plainer word would be clearer than a chengyu.

Start with this cue: workplace learning plus a visible reason.

Meaning and Translation Notes

Used to praise humility in learning, especially when rank, age, or status might otherwise stop a person from asking.

Literal meaning

not ashamed to ask downward

  • 不耻 / not ashamed
  • 下 / lower position
  • 问 / ask

English equivalents

  • be humble enough to ask near

    Use this when status, age, rank, or expertise could block a question, but the learner chooses humility instead.

  • not too proud to ask plain

    not too proud to ask is natural in English, while learn from anyone who knows makes the social lesson explicit

  • learn from anyone who knows plain

    This is safer when the audience needs the meaning without extra cultural explanation.

How To Use It

Use 不耻下问 when the reader can see why not too proud to ask those below oneself is the exact judgment, not just the topic. A strong sentence names the actor, the thing being judged, and the evidence that makes this idiom more precise than an ordinary adjective.

  • Use it when status, age, rank, or expertise could block a question, but the learner chooses humility instead.
  • The tone is approving, so the surrounding sentence should make the judgment visible.
  • It works in workplace learning, study habit, tone boundary contexts when the boundary is clear.

Common Mistakes

Do not use 不耻下问 for a scene that only shares one surface word with the meaning. If the problem is closer to 温故知新 or the contrast points toward 夜郎自大, choose that nearby entry instead of stretching this one.

  • Do not use it when there is ordinary curiosity with no status barrier.
  • Do not choose it only because the English gloss "be humble enough to ask" feels close; compare wen-gu-zhi-xin first.

Wrong Use Clinic

The most useful check is often the phrase you should reject.

  1. The learner wants to sound more idiomatic but has only a broad topic match for 不耻下问.

    The sentence drops in 不耻下问 without showing the cause, object, or tone that would make the idiom necessary.

    Fix: Rewrite the sentence so the evidence for not too proud to ask those below oneself appears before or after the phrase.

    不耻下问 fails in this case because a chengyu is not decoration; it must name the exact judgment the sentence is making.

    Compare wen gu zhi xin
  2. The learner wants to say the opposite or a neighboring idea and chooses 不耻下问 because it feels familiar.

    The sentence uses 不耻下问, but the described situation points to a different cause, time point, or social attitude.

    Fix: Compare the sentence with 夜郎自大 and choose the phrase whose boundary explains the situation with less force.

    不耻下问 becomes misleading when the nearby phrase would identify the real problem more cleanly.

    Compare ye lang zi da
  3. The learner has the right meaning area for 不耻下问 but ignores register and emotional force.

    The sentence uses 不耻下问 directly about a person, yet gives no softening context or evidence for such a approving judgment.

    Fix: Add the observed behavior first, or choose 举一反三 if the sentence needs a gentler learning path.

    不耻下问 can sound heavier than a short English gloss. The reader needs enough context to see why the tone is fair.

    Compare ju yi fan san
  4. The learner remembers the origin image of 不耻下问 but applies it to the wrong object.

    The sentence names an image or story detail, but the real object being judged would be better explained by another chengyu.

    Fix: Name the object first. If the object points toward 井底之蛙, use that contrast instead.

    不耻下问 should follow the judgment, not the most memorable image. Story memory is useful only when it supports the sentence-level decision.

    Compare jing di zhi wa

Chengyu Often Studied Together

Use these clusters to build sentence-level judgment instead of memorizing a single gloss.

  1. 不耻下问 with nearby learner choices

    不耻下问 is often studied beside 温故知新 and 举一反三 because the words share a theme while asking the learner to judge a different cause, tone, or timing.

    老师先让学生解释不耻下问,再比较温故知新和举一反三,这样不会只凭英文近义词选答案。

  2. 不耻下问 with contrast checks

    不耻下问 becomes easier to use when it is contrasted with 学海无涯 and 夜郎自大; the contrast forces the writer to decide whether the sentence is praise, warning, correction, or neutral description.

    写作练习里先用不耻下问造句,再换成学海无涯,观察判断方向怎样改变。

  3. 不耻下问 in example-building drills

    不耻下问 should be practiced with 温故知新 and 学海无涯 because examples reveal whether the learner is choosing by meaning, tone, or only by a remembered image.

    课堂上先用不耻下问写一个有证据的句子,再换成温故知新或学海无涯说明判断为什么改变。

  4. 不耻下问 in story and source review

    不耻下问 links best with 举一反三 and 夜郎自大 when the learner is checking whether a source image truly supports a modern sentence.

    复习出处时,不要只背不耻下问的故事,还要比较举一反三,看哪个成语更能解释现代句子。

Learner Guide

Use these notes when deciding whether this chengyu fits a real sentence.

Use 不耻下问 when status, age, rank, or expertise could block a question, but the learner chooses humility instead. This first test keeps the phrase from spreading across every nearby topic. Before using it, identify the speaker, the object being judged, and the reason a plain word would miss the Chinese nuance.

For English translation, not too proud to ask is natural in English, while learn from anyone who knows makes the social lesson explicit. Do not choose an English phrase only because it sounds idiomatic. The translation should preserve tone, register, and the situation logic before it tries to sound compact.

The main misuse risk is when there is ordinary curiosity with no status barrier. That boundary matters because chengyu often share a theme while judging different causes, time points, or social attitudes. A nearby phrase can be familiar and still be wrong.

Before using it in your own sentence, show who might feel too proud, who has useful knowledge, and what is gained by asking. Then compare the sentence with wen-gu-zhi-xin and ju-yi-fan-san. If one nearby entry explains the situation with less force or more precision, choose that entry instead.

Before using 不耻下问, write the plain English idea first. If the plain sentence already says everything naturally, the chengyu must add a sharper judgment, cultural image, or tone. If it does not add one of those, leave the plain wording alone.

A good 不耻下问 sentence contains an object and evidence. The object is the person, plan, habit, result, or scene being judged. The evidence is the reason the phrase fits. Without both parts, the idiom may look learned but feel empty.

Compare 不耻下问 with 温故知新 and 夜郎自大 before finalizing a sentence. The goal is not to memorize synonyms; the goal is to reject the wrong phrase for a clear reason. That rejection is what turns recognition into usable knowledge.

When teaching or self-reviewing 不耻下问, ask the learner to mark source, meaning, use case, wrong case, and one example. If any mark is missing, return to the entry section that supplies it rather than guessing from the headword alone.

workplace learning is the first test zone for 不耻下问, but it is not the only possible use. Before using the phrase, name the speaker, the object being judged, and the nearest tested context: workplace learning, study habit, tone boundary, usage boundary, misuse boundary, comparison check, context setup, teacher correction. Then choose among be humble enough to ask, not too proud to ask, learn from anyone who knows as translation candidates and reject at least one candidate out loud. A useful final check is to compare the sentence with wen-gu-zhi-xin and ju-yi-fan-san; if one of those nearby entries explains the situation with less strain, the nearby phrase is the better learner choice.

When 不耻下问 is translated as be humble enough to ask, the English should still preserve the phrase's tone. Keep approving and the learning use area visible when the audience is still learning the idiom. If a short translation hides the warning "Do not use it when there is ordinary curiosity with no status barrier.", choose a fuller English explanation instead. This matters because the strongest chengyu pages should help readers decide when not to use the most convenient English equivalent.

Example Sentences

Each example labels the situation so you can choose a natural English translation.

workplace learning

好老师也会不耻下问,向年轻同事学习新工具。

Hao laoshi ye hui bu chi xia wen, xiang nianqing tongshi xuexi xin gongju.

A good teacher is also humble enough to ask younger colleagues and learn new tools.

study habit

他不耻下问,所以进步很快。

Ta bu chi xia wen, suoyi jinbu hen kuai.

He was not too proud to ask, so he improved quickly.

tone boundary

不耻下问赞扬的是学习态度,不是低声下气。

Bu chi xia wen zanyang de shi xuexi taidu, bu shi disheng xiaqi.

不耻下问 praises a learning attitude; it does not mean being servile.

usage boundary

只有原因和语气都清楚时,这句话才适合用不耻下问。

zhi you yuan yin he yu qi dou qing chu shi zhe ju hua cai shi he yong bu chi xia wen

Only use 不耻下问 when the cause and tone are both clear, not just because the topic feels nearby.

misuse boundary

如果只是普通情况,不要为了显得有文化而硬说不耻下问。

ru guo zhi shi pu tong qing kuang bu yao wei le xian de you wen hua er ying shuo bu chi xia wen

If the situation is ordinary, do not force 不耻下问 just to make the sentence sound more cultured.

comparison check

比较近义成语以后,再决定这里是不是应该写不耻下问。

bi jiao jin yi cheng yu yi hou zai jue ding zhe li shi bu shi ying gai xie bu chi xia wen

After comparing nearby chengyu, decide whether 不耻下问 is really the phrase the sentence needs.

context setup

这段话先说明对象和原因,所以不耻下问读起来不突兀。

zhe duan hua xian shuo ming dui xiang he yuan yin suo yi bu chi xia wen du qi lai bu tu wu

The passage names the object and cause first, so 不耻下问 does not feel abrupt.

teacher correction

老师让学生先解释为什么不用别的词,再用不耻下问造句。

lao shi rang xue sheng xian jie shi wei shen me bu yong bie de ci zai yong bu chi xia wen zao ju

The teacher asks students to explain why another phrase would be wrong before writing a sentence with 不耻下问.

Story and Cultural Context

不耻下问 belongs to the Confucian ideal that learning should matter more than pride. A respected person may still need to ask someone of lower rank who knows a concrete detail. Modern learners usually need the phrase as a decision tool. It tells them when a situation has crossed a specific boundary, not merely which English word looks similar. In the examples here, the phrase is tested against workplace learning, study habit, tone boundary so the reader can see how the meaning changes with use. The safest reading is to keep the image, the tone, and the social situation together. 不耻下问 belongs to the Confucian ideal that learning should matter more than pride. A respected person may still need to ask someone of lower rank who knows a concrete detail. For English speakers, the useful memory is not only the literal image but the decision it makes possible. The examples test workplace learning, study habit, tone boundary so the phrase remains tied to real use instead of becoming a decorative translation label. For this entry, the origin note is only the beginning of the explanation. The useful question is why 不耻下问 survived as a portable judgment rather than as a decorative allusion. The classical story route gives the reader an image, but the modern sentence must still prove its own fit. A learner should ask three things: what concrete object is being judged, what evidence in the sentence supports that judgment, and what tone the phrase adds that a plain English adjective would not add. This is why the page tests 不耻下问 through workplace learning, study habit, tone boundary, usage boundary, misuse boundary; each context changes the pressure on the phrase and shows whether the idiom is acting as praise, warning, neutral description, or criticism. The story or usage background also has a translation boundary. 不耻下问 can point toward be humble enough to ask, not too proud to ask, learn from anyone who knows, but those English choices are not interchangeable. One version may preserve the image, another may sound natural in a classroom answer, and another may be safer in a workplace or essay sentence. The entry therefore treats public references as source cards, not as a paragraph order to imitate. Headword checks, story labels, and English equivalents are separated first; only after that are they rebuilt into the learner path used here: answer, label, examples, wrong-use clinic, comparison, story, and practice. The most common failure is overextension. Because 不耻下问 has a memorable surface, learners may reach for it whenever a topic feels close. The better habit is to compare it with 温故知新 and 举一反三 and with 夜郎自大 and 井底之蛙 before writing. If the rejected phrase is hard to reject, the sentence probably has not supplied enough evidence. If the rejected phrase is easy to reject, the learner can explain the boundary and use 不耻下问 with confidence. That is the practical purpose of the origin section: it turns cultural memory into a sentence-level decision instead of leaving the reader with a story and no next action.

Learning point: Real learning is stronger than the fear of losing status.

Open the dedicated story page

Editorial Notes

These notes turn the entry into a decision path, not a loose definition.

First answer before details

不耻下问 should first be read as a decision about not too proud to ask those below oneself, not as a collectible story label. The classical story helps memory, but the reader's real task is to decide whether the modern sentence is making a positive judgment with enough evidence. Start with the object being described, then ask what happened, who is being judged, and whether the tone is fair. If those details are missing, the idiom will feel like learned decoration rather than useful Chinese. This first-answer rule also helps teachers and translators: they can explain the phrase quickly before deciding whether a longer story, comparison, or correction block is needed.

Example clinic

The examples for 不耻下问 deliberately cover workplace learning, study habit, tone boundary, usage boundary, misuse boundary because a learner needs more than one successful sentence before the phrase becomes usable. Read the Chinese sentence, then explain in plain English why this phrase is more precise than a simple adjective or loose translation. A strong example names the context, shows the evidence, and makes the tone visible. A weak example merely places the chengyu near a related topic. This habit prevents a common error: remembering the literal image but forgetting the social judgment carried by the phrase. When the example feels forced, return to the meaning line and choose a plainer wording.

Comparison boundary

Before using 不耻下问, compare it with 温故知新 and 举一反三 and, when possible, with 夜郎自大 and 井底之蛙. The comparison is not a synonym game. Nearby chengyu often share effort, caution, wisdom, or evaluation as a topic, while differing in cause, timing, and emotional force. A good learner sentence can explain why the rejected phrase fails. If that explanation is impossible, the chosen idiom is probably too loose. This is also the cleanest internal-link reason: the next page exists because it helps the reader reject a tempting but wrong choice. The comparison should leave a reusable rule, not merely another link to click.

Wrong-use trigger

不耻下问 should be rejected when the sentence lacks an object, hides the reason for the judgment, or uses the idiom only because it sounds literary. The safest correction is to rewrite the sentence in plain English first, then add the chengyu only if it sharpens the meaning. If the tone becomes unfair, choose a gentler nearby phrase. If the source image is memorable but the modern object does not match, use the story only as background and do not force the idiom into the sentence. This wrong-use trigger is what keeps the entry from becoming a long but vague dictionary page.

Source synthesis note

不耻下问 uses public references as checkpoints rather than as a structure to copy. One source may help with the headword, another with a story or image, and another with English translation range. The page then rebuilds those checks into its own learner order: short answer, label, examples, misuse, collocation, guide, story, and practice. This matters because a single-source paraphrase would give readers a familiar-looking article but not a better learning tool. The editorial value here is the decision path: what to use, what not to use, what to compare, and how to test the phrase in a new sentence.

Practice This Decision

Answer a focused quiz question, then come back to the examples and misuse clinic if the near phrase feels tempting.